Instituto de História Contemporânea

The goal of this paper is to present a portrait of Setubal at the
second half of the nineteenth century and transition to the twentieth century (1854/1914) through the study of the evolution of canning industry and city's growth.
Using the methodology of Industrial Archaeology, maps of that period were compared allowing the identification of areas and moments of great urban growth. All factories established during that period were inventoried, which made possible the analysis of the changes and permanence occurred in these structures.
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Neste artigo procurou-se fazer um retrato de Setúbal, na segunda metade do século XIX e transição para o século XX (1854/1914), através do estudo da evolução da indústria conserveira e do crescimento urbano da cidade.
Usando metodologia própria da Arqueologia Industrial, fez-se a comparação de cartografia da época, permitindo identificar áreas e momentos de grande crescimento urbano. Inventariaram-se as fábricas de conserva fundadas durante este período, o que possibilitou a análise das transformações e permanências ocorridas nestas estruturas que marcam definitivamente a paisagem urbana.

Historiography on Portuguese railroads has not paid much attention neither to their regional effects, nor to the relationship between the operation of this form of transportation and population evolution. In fact, available studies usually adopt a national approach and analyze the contribution of railroads to the overall development of the country.
The main argument of this paper is that in the Portuguese case, access to railroads reinforced pre-existing territorial inequalities and promoted different regional dynamics, mainly with regard to population growth, urban development and population mobility.
In reality, in the more developed regions, railroad access helped increase population concentration in the areas served by this infrastructure. The railways also favored the growth of pre-existing urban centers and the emergence of new ones. They also encouraged migration into towns, thus contributing to their growth. In the Inland North, where the Tua line is integrated, traditionally affected by greater transportation
difficulties, railroads seem to have operated in the opposite direction, contributing to a decline in population relative to the other regions of Portugal. Moreover, this area continued to be characterized by a predominance of modest-sized cities, unable to match the dynamism of the urban centers in the coastal regions or to attract a migrant population to aid in their development. Instead, since the end of the nineteenth century, this region suffered from an increasing emigration that railroads seem to have facilitated. To explain this evolution we must also take into account the economic crisis that affected the agriculture of this part of the country, but the presence of the railroad seems to have been a significant  factor.
In this paper, we will try to put the Tua line in this context, comparing its effects on population with those caused by the Beira Baixa line in another Portuguese mountainous region around the city of Covilhã.

No final do século XIX, Lisboa viveu uma época de mutações económicas, sociais e políticas, impulsionadas parcialmente pelo desenvolvimento industrial. Tendo em conta a importância do espaço urbano no processo de evolução industrial e de estruturação da classe operária, procura-se construir um retrato da cidade com base no Inquérito Industrial de 1890-uma importante fonte para o conhecimento da realidade industrial, laboral, tecnológica e económica deste período. A distribuição fabril e a caracterização da indústria, em termos de sector de produção, número de operários e utilização da energia a vapor, são estudadas a partir da construção de uma cartografia digital, recorrendo a um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), e da análise espacial aplicadas à pesquisa histórica.
In the late nineteenth century, Lisbon was experiencing a time of economic, social and political changes, partially driven by industrial development. Given the importance of urban space in the industrial progress and the structuring of the working class process, we seek to build a picture of the city based on the Industrial Survey from 1890-an important source for the understanding of industrial, technological and economic context of the period. The distribution and the characterization of the industry in terms of production, number of workers and the use of steam power, is studied based on digital mapping using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial analysis applied to historical research.

No período final do século XIX a recolha, produção e publicação de informação quantitativa, estatística, de inquéritos, relatórios, estudos, etc. relativos à situação social e industrial do país, nomeadamente sobre Lisboa e os seus operários, foi imensa. A análise e cruzamento desta imensa panóplia de dados permite traçar novas reflexões e abordagens sobre a implantação operária e industrial da capital portuguesa neste momento de transição entre a Lisboa do Liberalismo e a Lisboa Republicana.
A integração de um grande volume de informação quantitativa, proveniente de diversas fontes, numa base-de-dados espacial permite associar, relacionar e explorar múltiplos aspetos relativos a vertentes do quotidiano operário – trabalho, habitação e associação operárias.